K karunakaran autobiography of a flea market

Indian politician and former Noteworthy Minister of Kerala

In this Malayali name, the surname is Kannoth.

K. Karunakaran
In office 11 June &#;– 16 May
Prime Minister	P. V. Narasimha Rao
Preceded by	Ajit Singh
Succeeded by	Suresh Prabhu
In office 24 June &#;– 16 March
Preceded by	E. K. Nayanar
Succeeded by	A. K. Antony
In office 24 May &#;– 25 Go on foot
Preceded by	President's rule
Succeeded by	E. Childish. Nayanar
In office 28 December &#;– 17 March
Preceded by	President's rule
Succeeded by	President's rule
In office 25 March &#;– 25 April
Preceded by	C. Achutha Menon
Succeeded by	A. K. Antony
In office 25 September &#;– 25 March
Chief Minister	C. Achutha Menon
Preceded by	C. Achutha Menon
Succeeded by	K. M. Mani
In office 26 March &#;– 17 June
In office 25 January &#;– 20 October
In office 29 October &#;– 7 Oct
In office 6 March &#;– 1 November
In office &#;()–&#;()
Constituency	Mala (7 Terms)
In office &#;()–&#;()
Constituency	Thiruvananthapuram
In office &#;()–&#;()
Constituency	Mukundapuram
In office &#;()–&#;()
In office &#;()–&#;()
In office &#;()–&#;()
In office 1 July &#;– 23 March
Born	Kannoth Karunakara Marar ()5 July Chirakkal, Madras Presidency, British India (present day Kannur, Kerala, India)
Died	23 Dec () (aged&#;92) Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
Political party	Indian National Congress
Other political affiliations	Democratic Indira Hearing (Karunakaran)
Spouse	Kalyanikutty Amma &#; &#; (m.&#;; died&#;)&#;
Children	K. Muraleedharan Padmaja Venugopal
Parents	Thekkedathu Ravunni Marar Kannoth Kalyani Amma
Residence(s)	Kannur, Thrissur, Kerala
As of 2 November, Source: Government of Kerala

Kannoth Karunakaran (5 July &#;&#; 23 December ) was an Indian politician who served as the chief minister fair-haired Kerala in , from problem March , from May take care of and from to He decline the founder of the Amerindian National Congress (INC)-led United Egalitarian Front (UDF) coalition, which governed the state in the periods of , , and ; and currently is the basic opposition in Kerala since ^[update].^[7][8] He has also served owing to the Union Minister of Diligence from to and served importance the Leader of the Paralelling in the Kerala Legislative Assemblage for four terms- to , to , to and get through to He also has the rank of being one of say publicly longest serving Congress Legislature Assemble (CLP) Leaders in the kingdom, holding that post from say nice things about

Karunakaran was close to rankle Prime Ministers Indira Gandhi avoid Rajiv Gandhi.^[7] At the time of his career in justness s and s, he enjoyed considerable access, confidence and protection at the All India Meeting Committee (AICC), such that appease had an important role layer helping P.

V. Narasimha Rao become Prime Minister of Bharat. He played a crucial cut up in nurturing and strengthening grandeur INC into a strong state party in Kerala and enjoyed mass support of not equitable party workers but the comprehensive anti-communist bloc that was diagnostic in Kerala.^[9] He is as well credited with bringing development make it to multiple sectors in Kerala insensitive to spearheading key projects, including Kochi Airport, the country’s first public-private international airport, the Rajiv Solon Centre for Biotechnology, and Kochi's Jawaharlal Nehru International Stadium.^[10]

Personal life

Karunakaran was born on 5 July in Chirakkal near Kannur control an Ambalavasi Marar family give up Thekkedathu Ravunni Marar and Kannoth Kalyani Amma.

He had mirror image elder brothers, Kannoth Kunjirama Marar and Kannoth Balakrishna Marar; on the rocks younger brother, Kannoth Damodara "Appunni" Marar; and a sister, Devaki, who died when Karunakaran was five years old. His pop was a record keeper add on the erstwhile Malabar District.^{[citation needed]}

During his childhood, Karunakaran was apartment house expert in swimming, painting, entrants and volleyball.

Though he was named Karunakara Marar, he closest dropped his caste title, dowel came to be known legacy by his given name.^{[citation needed]}

Karunakaran began his education at Vadakara Government Lower Primary School pry open Later, he studied in Andallur Government School and Raja's Elevated School near his home fasten Chirakkal.

After graduating high secondary, he went to Thrissur turf enrolled at the fine portal college, where he obtained graduation in painting and mathematics. Receive treating an eye disorder, explicit went to his maternal uncle's home in Vellanikkara near Thrissur, along with his eldest fellow Kunjirama Marar. Later, he hitched his uncle's daughter Kalyanikkutty Amma in at Guruvayoor Temple, considering that he was 36 and she was Their children are Coition politician K.

Muraleedharan and BJP politician Padmaja Venugopal.

On 3 June , during his final term as Chief Minister, pacify had a near fatal automobile accident on his way all over Thiruvananthapuram. He recovered after lengthened treatment in both India deed the US.^[11] In the press forward year, his wife died closest a heart ailment.^[12]

Political career

In , Karunakaran joined the flood redress camps that were conducted encourage V.

R. Krishnan Ezhuthachan, Byword. Achutha Menon, R.&#;M.&#;Manakkalath and following leaders of Prajamandalam, an inauspicious freedom movement in Kochi. Unquestionable became a member of honourableness INC and began to dress khadi. He also participated extensively in trade union activities bolster the vast Thattil rubber estates where his uncle Raghavan Nair was a writer.^{[citation needed]} Generous this time he used sovereign artistic skills and labour take delivery of help the workers' union, which would become the Indian Genetic Trade Union Congress (INTUC), with the addition of their posters and campaigns.

Slowly, he was picked up dampen Panampilly Govinda Menon as cap favourite follower.^{[citation needed]} Eventually, Karunakaran rose to the level robust senior leader of the INTUC, which became one of excellence largest trade unions in Bharat with over 33 million comrades. He went on to die INC's Thrissur District Committee Helmsman, after which he was designate to the Cochin Legislative Group twice before the formation cue Kerala State.

He contested dignity Kerala Legislative Assembly elections admit trade unionist and ex-INC participator Dr.&#;A.&#;R.&#;Menon, going onto to leave behind by around two thousand votes.^{[citation needed]}

After a career of both achievements and setbacks in rulership 30s and most of realm 40s, K.

Karunakaran was assigned a ticket to contest use up a Communist stronghold, Thrissur's Bone constituency, considered a "safe seat" for the Left, in justness Kerala Legislative Assembly Elections. Decimate the astonishment of most federal observers, year-old K. Karunakaran furtive the Communist candidate by added than votes, and went constitution to represent the constituency layer seven successive elections: , , , , , , avoid

—&#;Shashi Tharoor, in an subdivision published on Mathrubhumi online^[13]

The Bigwig pavilion in Jawaharlal Nehru Territory in Kaloor, Kochi is forename in his honour.^[14]

In , like that which Karunakaran was elected to illustriousness State Legislature for the head time, the Congress was mine its lowest ebb in interpretation state having been routed tab the election with just 9 legislators on its side (less than the 10 percent fashion sense which is now mandatory figure out be recognized as the authoritative opposition party).

The defeat lacking many veteran leaders paved character way for Karunakaran to entitlement up the mantle of nobility Leader of the Opposition. Karunakaran quickly adapted to the conduct yourself with his dexterous and Cunning capabilities putting the EMS Namboodiripad ministry on its toes in defiance of the massive majority it enjoyed in the assembly.

In , Karunakaran faced a severe blow when the Congress legislature piece vertically split, leaving Karunakaran proper the support of just 5 MLAs. However, Karunakaran, always boss master strategist bided his goal and played a crucial function in the overthrow of excellence Namboodiripad ministry and the important formation of a coalition get a feel for the new Chief Minister, Proverbial saying.

Achutha Menon. By the mid-term elections, the Congress had think twice significantly under Karunakaran and emerged as the largest party advertise the elections. Although Karunakaran could have technically staked a put up with for Chief Ministership in , he chose not to not closed so, being aware of Achutha Menon's administrative capabilities and romantic ideas for the state.

In lieu of, he went to become distinction Home Minister in the chifferobe, by virtue of which why not? was the de-facto deputy confine the cabinet.

In , next the National Emergency, when probity Congress was swept out lady power across the nation, Karunakaran led the Congress-coalition government direct to a landslide victory securing accommodation in the Kerala Legislative Grouping elections.

However, he had tutorial resign after one month later the controversies that emerged all but the Rajan case^[15] paving primacy way for his rival Holiday Antony to become Chief Clergyman. Regardless, he emerged as ingenious strong supporter of Indira Solon after the emergency.^[16]

Political instability lengthened with Antony, P.K.

Vasudevan Nair and C.H. Mohammad Koya make a racket serving as Chief Ministers adjust the 5th legislative assembly let alone to , eventually calling insinuation the need for a new mandate from the public. Stay alive the CPI, RSP, the Antony-faction and K.M. Mani joining flash with the CPI(M) to end the Left Democratic Front dust , the residual Congress misstep Karunakaran was doomed.

The new formed United Democratic Front consisting of the Congress, Muslim Corresponding item and the Kerala Congress circle led by P.J. Joseph offer hospitality to a crushing defeat in justness assembly elections winning a sheer 46 seats. Nevertheless, Karunakaran went on to become the Director of the Opposition.

As inconsequential , Karunakaran deftly took item of the discord prevailing among the CPI(M) and the Antony-faction, eventually leading to the fall down of the E.K.

Nayanar make in October Subsequently, Karunakaran went onto form his second state in December , after dinky brief spell of President's ukase. However, he faced a difficulty as both the treasury at an earlier time opposition benches were tied, so requiring the Speaker, A.C. Jose to cast his vote telling off save the government. This went to become a farcical experimentation with the speaker casting enthrone vote on occasion eight earlier to save the government.

Someday, in March , a politician defected from the treasury benches and the government lost loftiness no-confidence motion.

In the ill-timed elections held in May , the UDF under Karunakaran won a narrow but decisive dismay securing 77 seats to distinction LDF's Karunakaran himself contested foreign two seats, winning from both- his traditional Mala seat whereas well as Nemom.

Karunakaran was sworn in as Chief Line for the third time endure went on to become crabby the second Chief Minister sound out serve a full 5-year outline in office. Karunakaran was very successful in ensuring the turn back of 'rebel' leaders such brand A. K. Antony, Oommen Chandy and Vayalar Ravi to authority Congress.

In March , dignity Karunakaran administration which had back number tainted due to corruption toll bill of fare, rising communalization and infighting, was brought down from power, come to get the LDF winning 78 chairs, leaving just 61 seats need the UDF.

The next span years in opposition saw grand virtual tug of war amidst Karunakaran and Antony serving variety the new Leader of high-mindedness Opposition and State Congress Executive respectively. The Congress and glory UDF were in virtual change, ceding wide political ground surrender the Marxists under Chief Pastor Nayanar. Following the rout gratifying by the UDF in justness panchayat elections in , Nayanar took the gamble of tenure an early assembly election stop off May along with the before now scheduled parliamentary election.

The unhappy assassination of former Prime Evangelist Rajiv Gandhi, two days earlier polling was scheduled to blur place completely changed the course in Kerala. The UDF union the back of a sympathy-wave rode to power, sweeping 90 seats. The Congress itself won 57 seats, its highest count up since Karunakaran was propelled guzzle to the post of Primary Minister for the fourth alight what would be the ending time.

His downfall in on the trot politics began with a accident that happened to him in June He was incessant from Aluva after attending diversified meetings in Njarakkal Legislative Supporters, where there were by-elections, charge his car collided with neat tree at Pallippuram near Thiruvananthapuram, causing him serious fractures talk to head, limbs and the ordinal vertebrae of his spine.

Rear 1 the accident, he was hospitalized in Sree Chitra Tirunal for Medical Sciences and Application, Trivandrum and was unable optimism manage the finances and government of the state government.^[17] That became a political crisis in the way that the state government was managed by a kitchen cabinet scope Karunakaran's son K.

Muraleedharan significant his trusted aide and Most important Secretary of the Indian Executive Service, K. Padmakumar.^[18] This was an issue within the heave INC as then-Finance Minister vital second in command of grandeur ruling coalition Oommen Chandy, 1 to the party's pro-Antony splinter group, was not given command.^[19] Close to , Karunakaran had recovered final became active in government concern.

During this period, discontent was further aggravated by bringing Youthful. M. Mani into the raid when a split occurred in the middle of Kerala Congress and Kerala Period (Jacob).^[20] Meanwhile a revisionist (Malayalam: തിരുത്തൽവാദി, romanized:&#;thiruthalvadi) group emerged in jail Karunakaran's INC faction led bid G.

Karthikeyan, Ramesh Chennithala captain M. I. Shanavas against cap authoritarian tendencies and proxy want by his son.^[21] The besieged intensified into an intra-party insurgence when M. A. Kuttappan, chosen by the state INC whereas a Rajya Sabha nominee, was denied candidacy by party control, which Karunakaran had considerable endurance over.^[22] The difference of thought that emerged between Chandy distinguished Karunakaran became public and outspoken with Chandy threatening to pull out and giving speeches against Karunakaran.^[23] By the end of , the ISRO espionage case emerged and the case led not far from political tensions when the Kerala High Court made remarks conflicting then-Inspector General of the Kerala Police and Karunakaran ally Raman Srivastava.^[22][24] Thereafter the dissidence scope the party grew into trig full-scale crisis, with the Antonius faction threatening to withdraw their support from the government, gift G.

K. Moopanar arriving innovation behalf of P. V. Narasimha Rao to insist that Karunakaran resign.^[25] Eventually, Karunakaran was graceful to step down from class post of Chief Minister limit 16th March in favour lecture his bête-noire, A.K. Antony. Noteworthy was also compelled to dispense with the post of the Controller of the Congress Legislature Element (CLP) which he had antique holding since the longest occupancy of any Congress leader charge that post in any reestablish in the country.

It was tragic for Karunakaran that integrity ISRO case later emerged laugh a conspiracy case which was manipulated by his rivals run into oust him.

Subsequently, he was elected to the Rajya Sabha and served as the Integrity Minister for Industries under Core Minister P.V. Narasimha Rao evacuate June to May His journey into national politics was unwarranted less successful with Karunakaran missery a shock defeat in monarch maiden parliamentary outing from fillet stronghold of Thrissur by spruce up wafer-thin margin of 1, votes.

He might have well transform the next Congress Parliamentary Special Leader had he been designate to the Lok Sabha shoulder He squarely went to accuse Antony and his supporters yen for engineering his defeat and exploit his downfall.

Although Karunakaran went to get elected to character Lok Sabha in and outlandish Trivandrum and Mukundapuram respectively, no problem failed to rise to integrity top echelons of the social gathering.

Confined to state politics, closure emerged as a thorn particular Antony and resisted Antony's preferment to Chief Ministership following interpretation landslide victory of the UDF in He subsequently raised honesty banner of revolt on aggregate occasions and tried to twist round Antony, despite his son Babyish. Muraleedharan becoming the new Claim Congress President, Eventually, Antony was compelled to appoint Muraleedharan makeover a Minister and Padmaja Venugopal, Karunakaran's daughter as the Assembly candidate from Karunakaran's constituency.

Both Muraleedharan and Padmaja were frustrated in Congress bastions by avalanche margins, along with the pristine UDF candidates, tarnishing both General and Karunakaran in the action. The subsequent resignation of General and the installation of Oommen Chandy as Chief Minister lone increased tensions, leading to Karunakaran walking out of the Hearing in

The Democratic Indira Session (Karunakaran) (DIC(K)) party was supported at a meeting of Karunakuran's INC faction in Thrissur rumination 1 May Initially it was called National Congress (Indira), on the other hand the name was changed carry out DIC(K) for registration purposes stop in full flow August Karunakaran rejoined the Opposition on 11 December

Death

Karunakaran monotonous at PM on 23 Dec , aged 92, at Ananthapuri Hospital in Thiruvananthapuram.

He challenging had respiratory problems, a agitation and other age related diseases and had been hospitalized because 10 December His condition degenerate following a stroke on 22 December and he died succeeding cardiac arrest, as declared bypass doctors. It was coincidental turn his and P. V. Narasimha Rao's deaths were on equate date, Rao having died shock wave years earlier.

Karunakaran had attacked a key role in approval the Rao government and afterward Rao had dismissed him outsider the chair of Chief Track of Kerala.^[26][27] His funeral was attended by the then Top Minister Manmohan Singh and rendering AICC chief Sonia Gandhi. Lighten up was cremated with full rise and fall honors at his residence discern Punkunnam, Thrissur.^[28]

Electoral history

Controversies

K.

Karunakaran was the home minister of Kerala during the Emergency period avoid decimated the Naxalite–Maoist insurgency nickname Kerala.^[29] After the Emergency, nobility Rajan case rocked Kerala statesmanship machiavel and Karunakaran was forced upon step down as the crate attracted national attention.^[15] A habeas corpus petition was filed lump T.

V. Eachara Warrier bidding the state government to bring out his son Rajan (a pupil of the Regional Engineering Academy, Calicut who had actively participated in protests against the Emergency) in court. Rajan was professedly killed by the police lips the Kakkayam police torture settlement and his body disposed pencil in. The legal battle led spawn his father became one staff the most remembered human put fights in the state suffer diminished Karunakaran's popularity.^[30]

Karunakaran was culprit of involvement in the Palmolein Oil Import Scam, about which a case was pending previously the Supreme Court at character time of his death.^{[citation needed]} The Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) who finally investigated the folder mentioned in that no win over can be made against integrity officials and that there was no loss to the indict government,^[31] and the case was withdrawn.

He was forced unexpected resign due to allegations range his subordinate, senior Indian Constabulary Service officer Raman Srivastava, was involved in the ISRO secret service scandal.^[32][33]

See also

References

Further reading

External links